Cakrawala Pendidikan
Cakrawala Pendidikan (CP) merupakan jurnal ilmiah kependidikan. Jurnal ini menerbitkan berbagai artikel tentang kajian ilmiah dan hasil penelitian pendidikan baik dalam pengertian luas (pendidikan secara umum) maupun khusus (menunjuk pada bidang-bidang studi tertentu). Pemuatan suatu artikel diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi pada pengembangan konsep keilmuan dan aplikasinya atau pada pemahaman pendidikan di Indonesia. Jurnal CP terbit tiga kali dalam satu tahun, yaitu edisi Februari, Juni, dan November, diterbitkan oleh LPPMP Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
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PARADIGMA BARD PENDIDlKAN SAINS
Wuryadi Wuryadi
Jurnal Cakrawala Pendidikan No 2 (2003): CAKRAWALA PENDIDIKAN, EDISI JUNI 2003, TH. XXII, NO. 2
Publisher : LPMPP Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
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DOI: 10.21831/cp.v1i2.8696
Education in science has been developing rapidly in its variousdimensions and this canbe considered a new paradigm in scienceeducation. The dimensions considered highly significant intheirdevelopment are the instructional approach, orientation to diversityof learners' characteristics, expansion of the orientation to educational output, and interinstitutional and international collaboration.Science educationis no longer considered sterile in characterwith orientationonly to the interest of understanding science anddeveloping scientific thinking. Human and social values that can bedeveloped through science education have startedto be discoveredand studied.An inter- and multidisciplinary character of scienceeducation is becoming more dominant and it willbe the characterthat tends to develop further in the future.Science education canbe used as a medium to identify theperspectiveof the nation's development and as a basis fortechnological development and nation building. The responsibilityofscience education for national development is increasingly becomingbigger and the educationin science needs to be renewedcontinuouslyin order not to be left behind by the nation it self.
PEMBELAJARAN ANSAMBEL MUSIK MEMPERSIAPKAN ANAK DIDIK MEMASUKI ABSTRACT MASYARAKAT MULTIKULTURAL
Kun Setyaning Astuti
Jurnal Cakrawala Pendidikan No 2 (2003): CAKRAWALA PENDIDIKAN, EDISI JUNI 2003, TH. XXII, NO. 2
Publisher : LPMPP Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
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DOI: 10.21831/cp.v1i2.8717
Globalization is a reality. It is one of the consequences .ofglobalization that there has been a cultural transformation which, inturn, forms a multicultural society. Entering the global world withno cultural identity, one would only get lost among the powerfulcultures. This writingis an attempt to explain the importance of .teaching and learningthe musical ensemble as an effort, amongothers, to prepare studentsfor their entrance into the multiculturalsociety.This writing triesto describe some phenomena andconsequencesof globalization. Based on some literature, the writertries to explain someof the competencies necessary for an individualto live in the global world. Education as the basis for shapingpersonality can prepare students for that; so oneof the efforts isproviding ensemble music lessons.A musical ensemble has similarities with a multiculturalsociety in termsof their condition and demand. Both demandindividual and cooperative skills. Besides, bothof them are alsosupportedby individuals with different roles'and responsibilities
ORIENTASI MORAL KEADILAN DAN ORIENTASI MORAL KEPEDULIAN: SUATUKECENDERUNGANPERBEDAAN ANTARA PENALARAN MORAL LAKI-LAKI DAN PEREMPUAN BERBEDA
Pratiwi Wahyu Widiarti
Jurnal Cakrawala Pendidikan No 2 (2003): CAKRAWALA PENDIDIKAN, EDISI JUNI 2003, TH. XXII, NO. 2
Publisher : LPMPP Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
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DOI: 10.21831/cp.v1i2.8698
In the long history of developmental psychology and especiallythat related to moral development, Kohlberg has been considered theforemost developerof moral studies although some great thinkersbefore him has inspired him. Along withG.H. Mead's and Baldwin'stheories, Piaget's theories have influenced him the most.Kohlberg has been influencedby Piaget especially in his twobasic ideasof cognitive and sequential mental structure. He hasdefined moralityas a structure of justice, in which the end of anymoral action, guidance, and sanction should guarantee individualjustice. This moral conceptof justice implies emphasis on humanconditions like equality, freedom, reciprocity, and appreciation.oflife. Truth is universal to all. In addition, Kohlberg has stated that theessential moral principle is thatthe principle ofjustice and this is thereason for any actionso that Kohlberg gives more emphasis on thedevelopmentof moral reasoning. The development of moralreasoning requires the occurrenceof cognitive development, socialrole-taking, and socio-cognitive conflict.In the course of developing his theories, Kohlberg has beenfaced with some criticism, especially on his measurements, which,when appliedto women, tend to place them on low-stage positions Criticism has come from Gilligan, who states that women have adifferent voice in morality. Women are oriented more torelationships and emphasize orientationsto caring and responsibility.Moral maturityto women means ability to balance their care forothers and their care for themselves. Women defines morality as aconstant tension between becoming partof something greater andsimultaneously a whole entity in themselves and they see the abilityto live with tension as a source of moral character and moral power
PEMBERDAYAANPARAPENYANDANGTUNANETRA MELALUI REHABILITASI BERBASIS MASYARAKAT
Sari Rudiyati
Jurnal Cakrawala Pendidikan No 2 (2003): CAKRAWALA PENDIDIKAN, EDISI JUNI 2003, TH. XXII, NO. 2
Publisher : LPMPP Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
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DOI: 10.21831/cp.v1i2.8718
'Educational and or rehabilitation services for people with visualempairment in Indonesia are estimated not to have reached visuallyimpaired peoplewho have attained the age of25 years old and livein rural areas that have never received educational and orrehabilitation services so that they are powerless in their life. It isthen necessary to develop empowering programs for visuallyimpaired people through community-based education and orrehabilitation.In general such programs aim at an even distributionof theequal chance to get education and or rehabilitation for those living inthe rural areas who are already outside schoolage but have never goteducation and or rehabilitation. The programs especially aim tocreate situations making it possible for everyone with visualimpairmentto live normally their whole life and have a selfconfidence and a feelingof being; close neighbors with other people;to help the family, neighbors, and other membersof the communityto accept, appreciate, and comfortably give assistance if necessary tothe people with visual impairment in their life; and to give an equalchance and appreciate the abilities and all the potentials that the° visually impaired people have.The advantagesof the empowering programs for people withvisual impairment are that the programs are simple,inexpensive,ollIld very realistic; they serve these people in their own society based-ontheir potentials and individual needs; and the family and othercommunity members are involvedin the implementation process ofthe education and or rehabilitation ofpeople with visual impairment
EMPATI DAN KETERAMPILAN SOSIAL
Darmiyati Zuchdi
Jurnal Cakrawala Pendidikan No 2 (2003): CAKRAWALA PENDIDIKAN, EDISI JUNI 2003, TH. XXII, NO. 2
Publisher : LPMPP Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
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DOI: 10.21831/cp.v1i2.8707
Empathy can only be developed if we understand ourselves.Empathy makes it possible for oneto be involved in a good socialrelationship. There are three methodsto increase empathy, i.e., selfintrospection and theuse of an intimate friend for self- reflection,asking for help from professional people, and interacting withsomegroups of people who are participating in emotional sensitivitytraining.Wholeheartedness, doing something without an eye to reward,and empathy are the main human qualitiesto improve socialinteraction. A good communication skill without these three qualitieswillbe worth nothing. So these three aspects should be integrated inone in orderto create a satisfactory relationship.Thereare two polarities in every person; the first one makes onehave a desireto affiliate and the other makes one wish to isolateoneself. A leaderof every institution, including an educationalinstitution, should place thetwo. motives in proportion. Humanorientation, rather than jobor commodity orientation, makes itpossiblefor a leader to see others' perspectives as considerations inreaching a certain goal. This will leadto the development of ahumanistic social interaction
PENGKAJIAN IMPLEMENTASI MANAJEMEN BERBASIS SEKOLAH DI SEKOLAH DASAR DAN MADRASAH ffiTIDAIYAH DI PROPINSI DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA
Suryono, Yoyon;
Raharja, Setya
Cakrawala Pendidikan No 2 (2003): CAKRAWALA PENDIDIKAN, EDISI JUNI 2003, TH. XXII, NO. 2
Publisher : LPMPP Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
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DOI: 10.21831/cp.v1i2.8710
This article is based on a research with a diagnostic evaluationsurvey approach conductedto obtain a description of theimplementationof the school-based management (SBM) at Islamicprimary schools and primary schools with no special religiousaffiliationin the Yogyakarta Special Priovince. with the YogyakartaMunicipality andthe Sleman and Kulon Progo Regencies.represented respectively bythe Gondokusuman. Depok. and WatesSubdistricts. taken as regional samples and eight state and fourprivate Islamic and non-religiously-affilalted primary schools takenas school samples. Respondents atthe school level consist of theschools' principals. teachers. and students' parents while those at thesubdictrict level consistofschool inspectors, prominent communityfigures. and representativesof subdistrict governing bodies.professional organizations. andthe Department of Religions. Thedata are collected by means of a questionnaire about the schools'condition and implementationof the SBM and analyzed in adescriptive-quantitativeway. The results indicate that the SBM hasstarted to be implemented though still withthe support ofminimummanagerial capability and comprehension.The lack of managerialcapabilityis apparent in the aspects of designing. coordinating,implementing, and evaluatingthe plan or program conducted atschool.The SBM at the state and private Islamic and non-religiously-affiliated primary schools needs to keep beingimplemented to improve school performance and quality and evenlydistribute education,with some improvements in the concept andimplementation. Clearness or clarification of the concept isnecessary to integrate regional autonomy, decentralization ofeducation, and the SBM At the level ofimplementation there need tobe improvements in the mastery ofthe aspects ofthe SBM which atthe moment are still inaccurately understood
BERPUaR LATERAL: WAHANA DALAM MENGEMBANGKAN KEMAMPUAN BERPUaR KREATIF
Pardjono Pardjono
Jurnal Cakrawala Pendidikan No 2 (2003): CAKRAWALA PENDIDIKAN, EDISI JUNI 2003, TH. XXII, NO. 2
Publisher : LPMPP Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
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DOI: 10.21831/cp.v1i2.8722
Sejak kita menyadari bahwa pendidikan yang hanya meningkatkan kemampuanuntuk. menyerap materi pelajaran~ dan dayaserap sebagai kriteria ketercapaian target pendidikan, maka disadaripula bahwa cara ini tidak akan membawa bangsa Indonesia menjadibangsa yang besar.Di dalam era perkembangan teknologi yang pesatpeserta didik tidak cukup hanya dibekali keterampilan danpengetahuan saja tanpa secara sengaja mengembangkan kemampuanberpikir. Perkembangan teknologi yang pesat menuntut kemampuan manusia untuk beradaptasi dengan kemajuan itu, dan kemampuanberpikirlah yangakan menentukan kemampuan adaptasi tersebut.Pentingnya masalah berpikir telah lama menjadi perhatian parafilosof. Aristoteles misalnya menggunakan istilah"thinkingcapacity"(kapasitas berpikir) '\Intuk memberikan atribut tentangmanusia. Descartes juga membedakan antara barang dengan manusiadengan memberikan istilah"that which thinks" bagi manusia, sepertiyang dikatakan oleh Robert Thomson (1962) dalam bukunya "ThePsychologyofThinking".
REMEDIBERBANTUANKOMPUTERSEBAGAIUPAYA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PRESTASI BELAJAR FISlKA ZAT PADAT
Edi Istiyono
Jurnal Cakrawala Pendidikan No 2 (2003): CAKRAWALA PENDIDIKAN, EDISI JUNI 2003, TH. XXII, NO. 2
Publisher : LPMPP Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
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DOI: 10.21831/cp.v1i2.8714
The objectiveofresearch were: (I) to determine the influenceof remedial program by computer on the achievement of the SolidState Physics and (2)to determine the students self-learning in theremedial program by computer.Subjectof research was the student of the Study Program ofPhysics of Mathematics and Science Faculty in Yogyakarta- StateUniversity who took the Solid State Physics Subject. Data weregathered by meantof: (1) test and (2) observation. Test was used tocollect the students achievementin the Solid State Physics.By analyzing of data, it was concluded that: (1) remedialprogramby computer increases the learning achievement of theSolid State Physics and (2) the mostof students are self-learning inthe remedial programby computer
PARADIGMA BARD PENDIDlKAN SAINS
Wuryadi Wuryadi
Jurnal Cakrawala Pendidikan No 2 (2003): CAKRAWALA PENDIDIKAN, EDISI JUNI 2003, TH. XXII, NO. 2
Publisher : LPMPP Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
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DOI: 10.21831/cp.v1i2.8702
Education in science has been developing rapidly in its variousdimensions and this canbe considered a new paradigm in scienceeducation. The dimensions considered highly significant intheirdevelopment are the instructional approach, orientation to diversityof learners' characteristics, expansion of the orientation to educational output, and interinstitutional and international collaboration.Science educationis no longer considered sterile in characterwith orientationonly to the interest of understanding science anddeveloping scientific thinking. Human and social values that can bedeveloped through science education have startedto be discoveredand studied.An inter- and multidisciplinary character of scienceeducation is becoming more dominant and it willbe the characterthat tends to develop further in the future.Science education canbe used as a medium to identify theperspectiveof the nation's development and as a basis fortechnological development and nation building. The responsibilityofscience education for national development is increasingly becomingbigger and the educationin science needs to be renewedcontinuouslyin order not to be left behind by the nation it self
MANAJEMEN BERBASIS SEKOLAH DALAM MENGEMBANGKAN DAN MEWUJUDKAN BUDAYA MUTU DALAMPENDIDIKAN SAINS
Zuhdan K. Prasetyo;
Slamet Slamet
Jurnal Cakrawala Pendidikan No 2 (2003): CAKRAWALA PENDIDIKAN, EDISI JUNI 2003, TH. XXII, NO. 2
Publisher : LPMPP Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
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DOI: 10.21831/cp.v1i2.8709
The centralization and bureaucratic climate in the planning andprocessof national education management, which has been appliedso far, cannot be maintained anymore to answer the effortofrealizing the civil democracy. Democracy in the educational processhas broughtto it an implication of planning a decentralizededucational management, whichis felt to fulfill community morethan govemment needs.By optimizing the role of decentralizationin education and especially by implementing the school-basedmanagementas something creative formulated in a regionalautonomy form, a quality culture must become a priority.It isbecause in the globalization era Indonesians mustbe able to face thechallenges and demandsin the future which get increasingly harderand harder. Weare demanded to be not only a more developedcountry but also a more independent one and such a condition canbe usedas the foundation for the achievement of a prosperouscommunity based onPancasila and UUD 1945.The school-based management is hoped to be able to change themediocre culture which has been adopted into the quality culture inthe processof the educational management in facing theglobalization era.In science education the contribution that can begivento such a change in culture must be in process skills behaviors. beliefs. values, and attitudes that always keep Indonesiansin high quality condition. To keep the culture in its qualifiedcondition, total quality management can be used.In related to PP No. 22 Tahun 1999 about regional autonomy,the implementationof the integrated quality management isaccomplishedby using the school-based management system. It isclear that the etIortto realize the qualified management in scienceeducation canbe held. The regional autonomy and that kind ofmanagement convince us that all decisions or policies in theorganizationof education must be taken based on a standard qualitythroughout the roleof the teacher, parents, society, supervisor, anduniversity. Some standards that functionas the watch-dogs of thequalityof our national education must not merely be aimed at thecompetenceof the student but also at the teaching and educationalassessment standardsin science education